영어메이드 04ㄹ숍

Summary: Lesson 4 Listen and Do p 78~79 A Listen to the tape and check T True or F False W Hey Tim Look at the graffiti over there It Kino latest work M Well graffiti isn really my taste W I afraid you just can understand his work 1 Tim does not like Kino new graffiti work 2 Bomi thinks Tim does not understand the value of graffiti Graffiti is words or pictures that are written or drawn in public places for example on walls or posters There no vandalism no graffiti no rubbish left lying about Graffiti art is an important part of hip hop Inside the tunnel is a lot of graffiti B Listen to the tape and write the number of each description in the box 1 W In ancient times prehistoric man painted his experiences his fears and his ideas on the walls of caves 2 M Today modern graffiti artists paint their ideas about economic social and political conditions on the walls of cities They express their concerns about urban poverty and anger 3 W Throughout history most artists have painted their ideas about nature people and the simple things from everyday life such as flowers and animals on a canvas They have a unique way of expressing the world they see and feel through their own eyes C Listen to the tape and answer the questions M Look at the painting over here W Is it a watercolor painting M Yes it is It shows a waterfront at low tide W What do you think of it M I like it I particularly like the artist use of color W I agree The white clouds contrast well with the green sea and the red roofs of the houses M The painting also appeals to me because it peaceful and realistic When I look at it I feel as if I were actually there W I surprised you feel that way about it I have exactly the same feeling I can almost smell the sea and taste the salt on my lips 1 What are the speakers looking at 2 Why does the man like the painting 1 They are looking at a 2 a Because he can smell the sea b Because it is peaceful and realistic c Because he wants to live near the sea d Because it shows a waterfront at low tide D The speaker is describing how Henri Matisse made an artwork using paper cutouts Listen to the description of the process and put each stage in order M As he grew older Henri Matisse decided to create artworks using paper cutouts Before he started to cut Matisse observed his subject for a long long time studying it very closely At the same time he made many drawings When he finally felt he had discovered the perfect shape he quickly drew it on some colored paper Next he cut out the drawings with a pair of scissors Then he spent hours and hours trying each piece in different positions until he believed he had found the best composition Finally he glued the image in place ❶ Observe the subject for a long time ❷ Make many drawings ❸ Discover the perfect shape ❼ Find the best composition ❽ Glue the image in place ▶ Listen again and fill in the blanks Speak and Act p 80 Conversation A Bomi B Harry ▶ Bomi and Harry have different opinions about a painting Ⓐ Look at this painting Isn it great Ⓑ Great Is it really supposed to be a person That sort of thing doesn appeal to me Ⓐ Really I surprised you feel that way about it I thought you liked Picasso Ⓑ Oh This is by Picasso Ⓐ Sure it is Ⓑ What so great about it Ⓐ It the way he saw the inner person not just the surface Ⓑ I afraid I just can understand this painting Ⓐ Never mind Let go to the next room There another painting I have to show you Q What is Harry personal opinion of Picasso paintings Read and Think p 83~87 Grand Masters of Modern Art 1 Edgar Degas 1834 1917 The Artist Life Edgar Degas was born in Paris in 1834 When he was young he liked to go to the Louvre Museum with his father who was a banker and art lover In 1855 he enrolled at the School of Fine Arts After graduating he spent three years in Italy mostly in Rome where he kept company with young artists studied the works of the Renaissance masters and thought of only one thing ─ painting He works so hard that he does not take the time to enjoy himself wrote his brother Although Degas was a man of great ability he was filled with self doubt A painting begun in 1860 for example was not completed until twenty two years later In 1865 when he was in his early thirties Degas made friends with the young painters ─ Monet Renoir and Cézanne These artists who later came to be called the Impressionists often met in Paris where they lived and met with writers to talk endlessly about art its role and its future Although Degas met with many other Impressionist artists he listened only to himself He was sharp tongued and critical of everyone Rather than showing his work in the art galleries Degas chose to exhibit with the Impressionists who were not favored by the press and misunderstood by the public As he grew older he led a more lonely life In his fifties he developed a serious eye problem and he turned more and more to sculpture His eyesight had been bad for a long time so he tried instead to see with his fingers He never married and at the end of his life he was alone and almost blind Degas died and was buried in Montmartre but his ballerinas live on as do the strength of his colors and the originality of his compositions The Artist s Work and Inspiration It s a Degas Generally a painter chooses a subject and places it in the center of the canvas Space background and everything else is organized around this central figure But Degas had a revolutionary way of composing a painting Rather than posing his subjects in the center of the canvas he often placed them off to the side It is as if the subject had not really been prepared for him to paint her picture It is almost as if the ballerina moved too fast for the artist to draw her in time He just caught part of her before she escaped from the frame Degas never just sat down and quickly painted a picture or created a sculpture He drew rough outlines and sketches over and over day after day in order to finally create the perfect image A single painting took hours of work to create He sketched and painted one image until he captured all of its details Degas is acknowledged as the master of drawing the human figure in motion He worked in many mediums preferring pastel to all others 2 Pablo Ruiz Blasco Picasso 1881 1973 The Artist s Life Pablo Ruiz Blasco Picasso was born in 1881 in Málaga in the south of Spain He started drawing at an early age At sixteen he entered the Royal Academy of Madrid The entrance examinations normally lasted one month to allow the applicants time to show the teachers what they could create But when Pablo completed his project in just one day he was recognized as a prodigy At nineteen he went to Paris to try his luck in the art world Picasso lived in Montmartre with a community of famous artists He drew and painted day and night and often visited museums Picasso looked at everything and sought to understand how other artists worked He absorbed the ancient arts of Mesopotamia Egypt Africa and Medieval Europe In 1907 fascinated by the beauty and power of African masks Picasso painted a work that upset the painting tradition in Europe The Young Ladies of Avignon Picasso wanted his art to surprise shock and stimulate people to dream In 1948 he settled in the south of France where he chose to live a simple life Picasso continued to explore many forms of art drawing painting sculpture and collage He produced thousands of works creating art until the end of his life When he died in 1973 at the age of ninety two he was known around the world as one of the greatest artists of all time The Artist s Work and Inspiration Life Is Fantasy Over the years Picasso studied many Spanish painters including El Greco and Goya He also studied the works of his famous French contemporaries Matisse and Rousseau These artists influenced his work but Picasso did not copy them He wanted to do something unique He wanted to use colors forms and composition in a way that no one else had ever done He especially focused on movement He believed that paintings should move in the same way that life moves ─ all the time Look at the little girl on the right Her eyes and her fingers are painted as if they are placed in many different positions ─ so that it looks like she is in motion Picasso s art style changed many times but it was always distinct When he first moved to Paris he was unhappy Many of his paintings were blue A few years later he became happier ─ he began to enjoy his life in France Soon his paintings were filled with red Many of his pieces expressed fantasy and what the French call joie de vivre enjoyment of life He later experimented with sharp lines and cubical shapes in his paintings He created elongated or distorted figures Some people thought that his new painting style was odd But Picasso always did what he wanted and painted what he felt Write and Express p 90~91 B 다음 지시대로 알맞게 표현해 봅시다 Paul Cézanne was born in the south of France in 1839 His father was a very rich banker and so Cézanne never had to work to support himself When his father died Cézanne was given a large fortune but despite his wealth he liked simple things and ① 수수한 삶을 살았다 In 1861 Cézanne moved to Paris to study painting ② Industry was developing and cities were modernizing Poets and writers were demanding new freedom in their expression In Paris Cézanne met a group of ③ talented young artists known as the Impressionists C 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답해 봅시다 One of the most important decisions an artist makes is where to stand when painting or sketching The choice of viewpoint as it is known will have a great effect on the impact of the finished painting The effect of a high position is to give an overview in which distant objects are clearly seen By contrast the effect of a low position is to involve us with the near objects and focus our attention on the main subject D The following is a review of an art exhibit Harry visited Read it carefully and complete the table Last Sunday I went to see an exhibit of graffiti art by a group of contemporary artists at the Seoul Arts Center The whole gallery was filled with strange paintings I must admit that I didn really understand many of the works For example I didn see any cars in Traffic Jam However it certainly seemed to send us a clear message that we should use public transportation If you want to broaden your awareness of graffiti art go and take a look Review and Discuss p 95 A Listen to the tape and answer the questions 1 대화가 이루어진 장소로 알맞은 것을 골라 봅시다 M What do you think of that W Which one The one with something like a TV set in the middle M No I mean that big picture with something like a chicken W Chicken No it more like a fried egg than a chicken in my opinion M You must be joking It some sort of bird W Okay Whatever M The modern pictures are really strange Let see the other pictures Oh that looks like a bike W Oh come on It not a bit like a bike It looks like a balloon 2 What is the man opinion of modern art 2 대화의 내용과 일치하도록 들려 주는 질문에 영어로 답해 봅시다 Answer B Listen to the tape and answer the following questions about Anna Mary Moses in English W In 1940 an exhibition of rural life paintings in a New York City gallery caused quite a sensation The artist s name was Anna Mary Moses but everyone called her Grandma Grandma Moses was eighty years old an unusual age for an artist giving her first exhibition Her simple country scenes attracted much attention Grand ma Moses created the primitive rural pictures for which she gained her fame until she died at the age of 101 1 Q What the nickname of Anna Mary Moses A 2 Q How old was she when she held her first exhibit A 3 Q What was the subject of most of her paintings A Claude Monet For many years what I read about Monet seemed to indicate an artist with a prodigious work ethic who went about the labor of his profession without the hindrance of temperament His unwavering focus was almost intimidating Finally I read a book which described his behavior on the bad weather days when he couldn go out to paint the landscape According to this book at such times Monet was so inconsolable that he wouldn get out of bed What a relief to find him human He had to have the best eyesight in human history What Cezanne was to cerebral painting Monet was to visual painting Cezanne supposedly said of him onet is just an eye but God what an eye His placement of forms large and miniscule was so precise that everything in the image was perfectly formed and placed just like it is when we see it in nature But anyone who has ever painted particularly landscapes knows that to achieve the same coherence on a blank canvas is not nearly as easy as Monet makes it look The forms and colors are constantly misbehaving in the wrong places with the wrong color This facility with paint has led some to dismiss Monet work along with Impressionism as merely visual naturalistic and committing the ultimate sin formlessness But to those who prize color over form Monet work is colossal in its nature just as colossal in its own way as Cezanne Though he began with Impressionism fleeting moment in time Monet work over time became less interested in external reality and more in the abstract qualities of paint on canvas This development peaked with his late water lilies series of large paintings in which color light and paint were the subjects anticipating mid 20th century painterly abstraction Claude Monet was born in Paris in 1840 but grew up in Le Havre France As a young man he drew caricatures of his teachers which revealed a draftsman ability with portraiture When he met the landscape painter Boudin while Boudin was working en plein air outside rather than in his studio he listened to Boudin ideas on the value of working directly from nature Painting outdoors didn really become common until paint became available in metal tubes in the 1840 Still artists only did oil sketches outdoors in preparation for their more ambitious work in their studio Of the 19th century Barbizon school of French landscape painters only Daubigny had completed his paintings outside Boudin stressed that a painter should retain his first impression of a scene and that working from life quickly and with great concentration added a power to the work which was lost in the studio Boudin did many small studies often of beach scenes from life which had a freshness and spontaneity very unusual for this time period His idea raised the level of the ketch to a valid work in its own right Monet was much influenced by these ideas and soon began painting landscapes from life himself When he announced that he wanted to study art his business merchant father was not enthusiastic but reluctantly gave his permission So Monet went to Paris to study in the studio of the academic painter Gleyre In Gleyre studio he met Renoir and other young students They sometimes were resistant to the master relatively academic methods which included working from plaster casts of antique Roman statues in the studio This academic training caused many 19th century paintings to be so carefully modeled and blended that the very life was sucked out of them and the colors brown and dull the colors of the studio not the blue sky and green grass red flowers of the world outside Classicism and Romanticism had previously dueled in the 19th century official French art academy the Ecole des Beaux Arts School of Fine Arts Classicism was represented by painters such as Ingres who considered line and drawing to be the important elements of painting Delacroix represented the Romantic school of painting more concerned with color and brushwork Then Courbet with his ideas of Realism challenged both Classicism and Romanticism with his idea that painting should only represent the real world with real figures landscapes and objects of the present day world not the idealized world of history mythology and classical subjects of Classicism and Romanticism Monet was influenced by Courbet realism however of the two other approaches he was definitely closer to that of Delacroix He had experienced his military service in Algeria shortly before his student experience of 1862 63 and was most affected as was Delacroix by the intense light and color of Africa Manet was infamous for his new work it was reviled by most critics and public alike as scandalous and improper and revolutionary The young painters Monet Renoir and others were inspired to paint the life around them in unmodeled flat areas of paint like Manet and out in the open air like Boudin and the Barbizon painters who painted from life in the forests of Fountainbleau such as Daubigny Corot and others In 1863 Monet saw Manet painting Dejeuner sur l erbe Luncheon on the Grass at the Salon des Refuses exhibition for those who had been rejected from the official Salon Monet was inspired to paint a large image 20 feet wide similar to Manet his own Dejeuner sur l erbe from life out of doors with his friends posing for him In the same year the Salon exhibition became an annual event Monet first submitted a work to the Salon in 1865 and was accepted by the jury He only exhibited there twice more after this like the other Impressionists his work was often rejected from the Salon Later in 1874 Monet convinced Manet to also paint en plein air rather than in the studio Monet as everyone knows was primarily a landscape painter But early in his career he painted portraits still lifes and interiors which showed amazing ability in these types of images also He simply preferred the landscape and water in particular first the seacoast then the Seine River and finally the pond in his garden at Giverny Monet Renoir and by this time Pissarro Morisot Sisley Bazille and at this point Cezanne and others were now joining together in their new vision of painting Monet first landscapes although freshly and boldly painted had not been so very far from the officially accepted rules of painting Now he used his friends as models at picnics under shady trees his female companion Camille among them They were very large and at times his ambition exceeded his ability to pull them off He and Renoir in particular began to develop their new way of applying paint often painting together At this early stage their paintings are very hard to tell apart such as their images of the boathouse parties on weekends in La Grenouillere in suburban Paris in 1869 Meanwhile Monet father was not thrilled with his son lifestyle when Camille was pregnant with Monet child his father forced him to come home leaving Camille to fend for herself When the baby was born Monet had the heavy responsibility of caring for them both with the earnings of a very young very unsuccessful painter He carried this burden for many years and struggled mightily with poverty and the stress caused by Camille poor health and his inability to pay for her medical care His friend the wealthy Bazille whose family fortune and profession as a doctor enabled him to paint without worries helped Monet financially many times There are a number of letters from Monet to Bazille in which Monet pleaded his financial crises Bazille being unfamiliar with such situations sometimes forgot to send money At one point Monet threw himself in the river after he changed his mind he wrote to Bazille telling him of his near fatality Renoir also struggled He had been born into a working class family and had no assistance either But the two as well as the other future Impressionists kept on their path though only a few critics and friends were supportive of their work and much of the time they were not only rejected from the Salon but jeered by a public used to the drab brown of the successful painters and the careful modeling of their images To them it seemed that these misguided painters were simply flinging paint at the canvas randomly not displaying the important skills of an artist correct drawing blended colors subdued colors classical subjects etc Monet historic painting Impression Sunrise gave them the ammunition they needed to dub the new movement Impressionism These paintings made use of spontaneous painting dabs smears and scribble type marks Not much chance of them earning a living as a painter there One true friend Victor Chocquet championed them actively by standing in front of their work and defending it to mocking passersby trying to explain this new vision Renoir and Cezanne both painted Chocquet portrait in a very sympathetic manner and very differently from one another They were insulted of course by the rejection from the official Salon every year but they also joked about it and Cezanne supposedly considered it a badge of honor Around 1872 was the beginning of rue Impressionism In 1874 the group held the first Impressionist exhibition the first of many over many years time since they couldn show their work at the official Salon much It wasn until about the age of 40 that Monet began to achieve some acceptance and success In the meantime he continued to struggle but he also continued to paint Camille succumbed early on to ill health and died in 1879 leaving Monet with his young sons Jean and Michel Monet eventually married a family friend Mme Hoschede and they lived happily with her children for many years In 1883 the family moved to Giverny where he constructed his famous garden His work went through a long transition from early naturalism to Impressionism to studies of fleeting light effects to views of his prized garden and the Japanese footbridge he had built specially Japanese prints had a significant effect on European artists in the second half of the 19th century with their decorative flat quality and the frontal quality of their compositions He began to paint his water lilies first as part of the Giverny garden ensemble of water bridge and flowers But in his later life he began to zero in on the water lilies almost exclusively using the surface of the water as a metaphor for the painting surface with freely moving lines areas and dabs of color The orchestration of the color relationships is also the subject of the paintings They were large rectangles much wider than high which he placed next to one another in a continuous circle inside a specially constructed building so that the viewer could turn 360 degrees and see all water all painting In his later years he finally achieved the respect and success he had waited for When his second wife died he became very depressed and stopped painting for a time probably the only time But he came back to it as always and lived a long life until 1926 Toward the end of his life he became so blind as to barely see and still he painted Some of these last paintings are very loose in handling and the colors are so garish that you have to wonder if maybe he couldn really see at all But he couldn stop just like his fellow Impressionist Degas who suffered the same fate and responded to it in the same way Just keep painting Needless to say many artists have been influenced by Monet work Probably 20th century color field painting owes him a large debt as well as painterly abstractionists such as Jules Olitski Mark Rothko Joan Mitchell and many others His mastery of color is unmatched like Cezanne his every touch is absolute without question As all painters know his perfection may look facile but actually is nigh impossible to duplicate As a young man looking at nature and trying to come up with a visual equivalent he supposedly asked hat do you do with all those leaves other than paint each one one by one He figured it out without painting each one by just suggesting not spelling out Yet his images have the conviction of nature The Impressionists are so called not just because they worked loosely with small spontaneous dabs Their important contribution was their use of color by using the color theories developed in the 19th century they optically mixed color with red next to yellow rather than orange and many more subtle unnamable colors in this fashion Their use of color complementaries and harmonies changed the entire course of painting going from the value based traditional painting to the color based modern vision Where black had been the common denominator violet red green yellow and blue now described a modern world in constant motion with casual and spontaneous force Links to Monet images In this way the Impressionists revolutionized painting they were the first modern artists who changed the way we see the world And Monet was the unquestionable leader of this group ambitious hard working bold focused he was a damn good painter To my mind Impressionism is a good starting point both historically and artistically For a young artist nothing is more liberating than to see color and form abstractly not as eaf ree ouse but as Monet advised an American painter an oblong of pink a square of blue a streak of yellow It is the first step in learning to see form and color visually abstractly rather than in the conventional non visual way From this freeing beginning young artists can develop their own vision in new and unexpected ways It is the beginning of an improvisational approach to painting Monet painted his Giverny water landscapes for 27 years they reflected peace and contemplation When he died in 1926 the foremost French painter these landscapes were installed in two oval rooms in the Orangerie of the Tuileries Gardens Like his mature work they were of a kind of metaphysical naturalism Monet remarks to his friend Georges Clemenceau described this as not reducing the world to your measure but to enlarge your knowledge of the world You will then enlarge yourself and your self knowledge Like other creators of perfection Cezanne Beethoven there is a tacit acknowledgement of a reality existing beyond appearances Paul Cézanne to Emile Bernard 15 april 1904 ay I repeat what I told you here treat nature by means of the cylinder the sphere the cone everything brought into proper perspective so that each side of an object or a plane is directed towards a central point Lines parallel to the horizon give breadth lines perpendicular to this horizon give depth But nature for us men is more depth than surface whence the need to introduce into our light vibrations represented by the reds and yellows a sufficient amount of blueness to give the feel of air Lesson 4 Listen and Do p 78~79 A Listen to the tape and check T True or F False W Hey Tim Look at the graffiti over there It Kino latest work M Well graffiti isn really my taste W I afraid you just can understand his work 1 Tim does not like Kino new graffiti work 2 Bomi thinks Tim does not understand the value of graffiti Graffiti is words or pictures that are written or drawn in public places for example on walls or posters There no vandalism no graffiti no rubbish left lying about Graffiti art is an important part of hip hop Inside the tunnel is a lot of graffiti B Listen to the tape and write the number of each description in the box 1 W In ancient times prehistoric man painted his experiences his fears and his ideas on the walls of caves 2 M Today modern graffiti artists paint their ideas about economic social and political conditions on the walls of cities They express their concerns about urban poverty and anger 3 W Throughout history most artists have painted their ideas about nature people and the simple things from everyday life such as flowers and animals on a canvas They have a unique way of expressing the world they see and feel through their own eyes C Listen to the tape and answer the questions M Look at the painting over here W Is it a watercolor painting M Yes it is It shows a waterfront at low tide W What do you think of it M I like it I particularly like the artist use of color W I agree The white clouds contrast well with the green sea and the red roofs of the houses M The painting also appeals to me because it peaceful and realistic When I look at it I feel as if I were actually there W I surprised you feel that way about it I have exactly the same feeling I can almost smell the sea and taste the salt on my lips 1 What are the speakers looking at 2 Why does the man like the painting 1 They are looking at a 2 a Because he can smell the sea b Because it is peaceful and realistic c Because he wants to live near the sea d Because it shows a waterfront at low tide D The speaker is describing how Henri Matisse made an artwork using paper cutouts Listen to the description of the process and put each stage in order M As he grew older Henri Matisse decided to create artworks using paper cutouts Before he started to cut Matisse observed his subject for a long long time studying it very closely At the same time he made many drawings When he finally felt he had discovered the perfect shape he quickly drew it on some colored paper Next he cut out the drawings with a pair of scissors Then he spent hours and hours trying each piece in different positions until he believed he had found the best composition Finally he glued the image in place ❶ Observe the subject for a long time ❷ Make many drawings ❸ Discover the perfect shape ❼ Find the best composition ❽ Glue the image in place ▶ Listen again and fill in the blanks Speak and Act p 80 Conversation A Bomi B Harry ▶ Bomi and Harry have different opinions about a painting Ⓐ Look at this painting Isn it great Ⓑ Great Is it really supposed to be a person That sort of thing doesn appeal to me Ⓐ Really I surprised you feel that way about it I thought you liked Picasso Ⓑ Oh This is by Picasso Ⓐ Sure it is Ⓑ What so great about it Ⓐ It the way he saw the inner person not just the surface Ⓑ I afraid I just can understand this painting Ⓐ Never mind Let go to the next room There another painting I have to show you Q What is Harry personal opinion of Picasso paintings Read and Think p 83~87 Grand Masters of Modern Art 1 Edgar Degas 1834 1917 The Artist Life Edgar Degas was born in Paris in 1834 When he was young he liked to go to the Louvre Museum with his father who was a banker and art lover In 1855 he enrolled at the School of Fine Arts After graduating he spent three years in Italy mostly in Rome where he kept company with young artists studied the works of the Renaissance masters and thought of only one thing ─ painting He works so hard that he does not take the time to enjoy himself wrote his brother Although Degas was a man of great ability he was filled with self doubt A painting begun in 1860 for example was not completed until twenty two years later In 1865 when he was in his early thirties Degas made friends with the young painters ─ Monet Renoir and Cézanne These artists who later came to be called the Impressionists often met in Paris where they lived and met with writers to talk endlessly about art its role and its future Although Degas met with many other Impressionist artists he listened only to himself He was sharp tongued and critical of everyone Rather than showing his work in the art galleries Degas chose to exhibit with the Impressionists who were not favored by the press and misunderstood by the public As he grew older he led a more lonely life In his fifties he developed a serious eye problem and he turned more and more to sculpture His eyesight had been bad for a long time so he tried instead to see with his fingers He never married and at the end of his life he was alone and almost blind Degas died and was buried in Montmartre but his ballerinas live on as do the strength of his colors and the originality of his compositions The Artist s Work and Inspiration It s a Degas Generally a painter chooses a subject and places it in the center of the canvas Space background and everything else is organized around this central figure But Degas had a revolutionary way of composing a painting Rather than posing his subjects in the center of the canvas he often placed them off to the side It is as if the subject had not really been prepared for him to paint her picture It is almost as if the ballerina moved too fast for the artist to draw her in time He just caught part of her before she escaped from the frame Degas never just sat down and quickly painted a picture or created a sculpture He drew rough outlines and sketches over and over day after day in order to finally create the perfect image A single painting took hours of work to create He sketched and painted one image until he captured all of its details Degas is acknowledged as the master of drawing the human figure in motion He worked in many mediums preferring pastel to all others 2 Pablo Ruiz Blasco Picasso 1881 1973 The Artist s Life Pablo Ruiz Blasco Picasso was born in 1881 in Málaga in the south of Spain He started drawing at an early age At sixteen he entered the Royal Academy of Madrid The entrance examinations normally lasted one month to allow the applicants time to show the teachers what they could create But when Pablo completed his project in just one day he was recognized as a prodigy At nineteen he went to Paris to try his luck in the art world Picasso lived in Montmartre with a community of famous artists He drew and painted day and night and often visited museums Picasso looked at everything and sought to understand how other artists worked He absorbed the ancient arts of Mesopotamia Egypt Africa and Medieval Europe In 1907 fascinated by the beauty and power of African masks Picasso painted a work that upset the painting tradition in Europe The Young Ladies of Avignon Picasso wanted his art to surprise shock and stimulate people to dream In 1948 he settled in the south of France where he chose to live a simple life Picasso continued to explore many forms of art drawing painting sculpture and collage He produced thousands of works creating art until the end of his life When he died in 1973 at the age of ninety two he was known around the world as one of the greatest artists of all time The Artist s Work and Inspiration Life Is Fantasy Over the years Picasso studied many Spanish painters including El Greco and Goya He also studied the works of his famous French contemporaries Matisse and Rousseau These artists influenced his work but Picasso did not copy them He wanted to do something unique He wanted to use colors forms and composition in a way that no one else had ever done He especially focused on movement He believed that paintings should move in the same way that life moves ─ all the time Look at the little girl on the right Her eyes and her fingers are painted as if they are placed in many different positions ─ so that it looks like she is in motion Picasso s art style changed many times but it was always distinct When he first moved to Paris he was unhappy Many of his paintings were blue A few years later he became happier ─ he began to enjoy his life in France Soon his paintings were filled with red Many of his pieces expressed fantasy and what the French call joie de vivre enjoyment of life He later experimented with sharp lines and cubical shapes in his paintings He created elongated or distorted figures Some people thought that his new painting style was odd But Picasso always did what he wanted and painted what he felt Write and Express p 90~91 B 다음 지시대로 알맞게 표현해 봅시다 Paul Cézanne was born in the south of France in 1839 His father was a very rich banker and so Cézanne never had to work to support himself When his father died Cézanne was given a large fortune but despite his wealth he liked simple things and ① 수수한 삶을 살았다 In 1861 Cézanne moved to Paris to study painting ② Industry was developing and cities were modernizing Poets and writers were demanding new freedom in their expression In Paris Cézanne met a group of ③ talented young artists known as the Impressionists C 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답해 봅시다 One of the most important decisions an artist makes is where to stand when painting or sketching The choice of viewpoint as it is known will have a great effect on the impact of the finished painting The effect of a high position is to give an overview in which distant objects are clearly seen By contrast the effect of a low position is to involve us with the near objects and focus our attention on the main subject D The following is a review of an art exhibit Harry visited Read it carefully and complete the table Last Sunday I went to see an exhibit of graffiti art by a group of contemporary artists at the Seoul Arts Center The whole gallery was filled with strange paintings I must admit that I didn really understand many of the works For example I didn see any cars in Traffic Jam However it certainly seemed to send us a clear message that we should use public transportation If you want to broaden your awareness of graffiti art go and take a look Review and Discuss p 95 A Listen to the tape and answer the questions 1 대화가 이루어진 장소로 알맞은 것을 골라 봅시다 M What do you think of that W Which one The one with something like a TV set in the middle M No I mean that big picture with something like a chicken W Chicken No it more like a fried egg than a chicken in my opinion M You must be joking It some sort of bird W Okay Whatever M The modern pictures are really strange Let see the other pictures Oh that looks like a bike W Oh come on It not a bit like a bike It looks like a balloon 2 What is the man opinion of modern art 2 대화의 내용과 일치하도록 들려 주는 질문에 영어로 답해 봅시다 Answer B Listen to the tape and answer the following questions about Anna Mary Moses in English W In 1940 an exhibition of rural life paintings in a New York City gallery caused quite a sensation The artist s name was Anna Mary Moses but everyone called her Grandma Grandma Moses was eighty years old an unusual age for an artist giving her first exhibition Her simple country scenes attracted much attention Grand ma Moses created the primitive rural pictures for which she gained her fame until she died at the age of 101 1 Q What the nickname of Anna Mary Moses A 2 Q How old was she when she held her first exhibit A 3 Q What was the subject of most of her paintings A Claude Monet For many years what I read about Monet seemed to indicate an artist with a prodigious work ethic who went about the labor of his profession without the hindrance of temperament His unwavering focus was almost intimidating Finally I read a book which described his behavior on the bad weather days when he couldn go out to paint the landscape According to this book at such times Monet was so inconsolable that he wouldn get out of bed What a relief to find him human He had to have the best eyesight in human history What Cezanne was to cerebral painting Monet was to visual painting Cezanne supposedly said of him onet is just an eye but God what an eye His placement of forms large and miniscule was so precise that everything in the image was perfectly formed and placed just like it is when we see it in nature But anyone who has ever painted particularly landscapes knows that to achieve the same coherence on a blank canvas is not nearly as easy as Monet makes it look The forms and colors are constantly misbehaving in the wrong places with the wrong color This facility with paint has led some to dismiss Monet work along with Impressionism as merely visual naturalistic and committing the ultimate sin formlessness But to those who prize color over form Monet work is colossal in its nature just as colossal in its own way as Cezanne Though he began with Impressionism fleeting moment in time Monet work over time became less interested in external reality and more in the abstract qualities of paint on canvas This development peaked with his late water lilies series of large paintings in which color light and paint were the subjects anticipating mid 20th century painterly abstraction Claude Monet was born in Paris in 1840 but grew up in Le Havre France As a young man he drew caricatures of his teachers which revealed a draftsman ability with portraiture When he met the landscape painter Boudin while Boudin was working en plein air outside rather than in his studio he listened to Boudin ideas on the value of working directly from nature Painting outdoors didn really become common until paint became available in metal tubes in the 1840 Still artists only did oil sketches outdoors in preparation for their more ambitious work in their studio Of the 19th century Barbizon school of French landscape painters only Daubigny had completed his paintings outside Boudin stressed that a painter should retain his first impression of a scene and that working from life quickly and with great concentration added a power to the work which was lost in the studio Boudin did many small studies often of beach scenes from life which had a freshness and spontaneity very unusual for this time period His idea raised the level of the ketch to a valid work in its own right Monet was much influenced by these ideas and soon began painting landscapes from life himself When he announced that he wanted to study art his business merchant father was not enthusiastic but reluctantly gave his permission So Monet went to Paris to study in the studio of the academic painter Gleyre In Gleyre studio he met Renoir and other young students They sometimes were resistant to the master relatively academic methods which included working from plaster casts of antique Roman statues in the studio This academic training caused many 19th century paintings to be so carefully modeled and blended that the very life was sucked out of them and the colors brown and dull the colors of the studio not the blue sky and green grass red flowers of the world outside Classicism and Romanticism had previously dueled in the 19th century official French art academy the Ecole des Beaux Arts School of Fine Arts Classicism was represented by painters such as Ingres who considered line and drawing to be the important elements of painting Delacroix represented the Romantic school of painting more concerned with color and brushwork Then Courbet with his ideas of Realism challenged both Classicism and Romanticism with his idea that painting should only represent the real world with real figures landscapes and objects of the present day world not the idealized world of history mythology and classical subjects of Classicism and Romanticism Monet was influenced by Courbet realism however of the two other approaches he was definitely closer to that of Delacroix He had experienced his military service in Algeria shortly before his student experience of 1862 63 and was most affected as was Delacroix by the intense light and color of Africa Manet was infamous for his new work it was reviled by most critics and public alike as scandalous and improper and revolutionary The young painters Monet Renoir and others were inspired to paint the life around them in unmodeled flat areas of paint like Manet and out in the open air like Boudin and the Barbizon painters who painted from life in the forests of Fountainbleau such as Daubigny Corot and others In 1863 Monet saw Manet painting Dejeuner sur l erbe Luncheon on the Grass at the Salon des Refuses exhibition for those who had been rejected from the official Salon Monet was inspired to paint a large image 20 feet wide similar to Manet his own Dejeuner sur l erbe from life out of doors with his friends posing for him In the same year the Salon exhibition became an annual event Monet first submitted a work to the Salon in 1865 and was accepted by the jury He only exhibited there twice more after this like the other Impressionists his work was often rejected from the Salon Later in 1874 Monet convinced Manet to also paint en plein air rather than in the studio Monet as everyone knows was primarily a landscape painter But early in his career he painted portraits still lifes and interiors which showed amazing ability in these types of images also He simply preferred the landscape and water in particular first the seacoast then the Seine River and finally the pond in his garden at Giverny Monet Renoir and by this time Pissarro Morisot Sisley Bazille and at this point Cezanne and others were now joining together in their new vision of painting Monet first landscapes although freshly and boldly painted had not been so very far from the officially accepted rules of painting Now he used his friends as models at picnics under shady trees his female companion Camille among them They were very large and at times his ambition exceeded his ability to pull them off He and Renoir in particular began to develop their new way of applying paint often painting together At this early stage their paintings are very hard to tell apart such as their images of the boathouse parties on weekends in La Grenouillere in suburban Paris in 1869 Meanwhile Monet father was not thrilled with his son lifestyle when Camille was pregnant with Monet child his father forced him to come home leaving Camille to fend for herself When the baby was born Monet had the heavy responsibility of caring for them both with the earnings of a very young very unsuccessful painter He carried this burden for many years and struggled mightily with poverty and the stress caused by Camille poor health and his inability to pay for her medical care His friend the wealthy Bazille whose family fortune and profession as a doctor enabled him to paint without worries helped Monet financially many times There are a number of letters from Monet to Bazille in which Monet pleaded his financial crises Bazille being unfamiliar with such situations sometimes forgot to send money At one point Monet threw himself in the river after he changed his mind he wrote to Bazille telling him of his near fatality Renoir also struggled He had been born into a working class family and had no assistance either But the two as well as the other future Impressionists kept on their path though only a few critics and friends were supportive of their work and much of the time they were not only rejected from the Salon but jeered by a public used to the drab brown of the successful painters and the careful modeling of their images To them it seemed that these misguided painters were simply flinging paint at the canvas randomly not displaying the important skills of an artist correct drawing blended colors subdued colors classical subjects etc Monet historic painting Impression Sunrise gave them the ammunition they needed to dub the new movement Impressionism These paintings made use of spontaneous painting dabs smears and scribble type marks Not much chance of them earning a living as a painter there One true friend Victor Chocquet championed them actively by standing in front of their work and defending it to mocking passersby trying to explain this new vision Renoir and Cezanne both painted Chocquet portrait in a very sympathetic manner and very differently from one another They were insulted of course by the rejection from the official Salon every year but they also joked about it and Cezanne supposedly considered it a badge of honor Around 1872 was the beginning of rue Impressionism In 1874 the group held the first Impressionist exhibition the first of many over many years time since they couldn show their work at the official Salon much It wasn until about the age of 40 that Monet began to achieve some acceptance and success In the meantime he continued to struggle but he also continued to paint Camille succumbed early on to ill health and died in 1879 leaving Monet with his young sons Jean and Michel Monet eventually married a family friend Mme Hoschede and they lived happily with her children for many years In 1883 the family moved to Giverny where he constructed his famous garden His work went through a long transition from early naturalism to Impressionism to studies of fleeting light effects to views of his prized garden and the Japanese footbridge he had built specially Japanese prints had a significant effect on European artists in the second half of the 19th century with their decorative flat quality and the frontal quality of their compositions He began to paint his water lilies first as part of the Giverny garden ensemble of water bridge and flowers But in his later life he began to zero in on the water lilies almost exclusively using the surface of the water as a metaphor for the painting surface with freely moving lines areas and dabs of color The orchestration of the color relationships is also the subject of the paintings They were large rectangles much wider than high which he placed next to one another in a continuous circle inside a specially constructed building so that the viewer could turn 360 degrees and see all water all painting In his later years he finally achieved the respect and success he had waited for When his second wife died he became very depressed and stopped painting for a time probably the only time But he came back to it as always and lived a long life until 1926 Toward the end of his life he became so blind as to barely see and still he painted Some of these last paintings are very loose in handling and the colors are so garish that you have to wonder if maybe he couldn really see at all But he couldn stop just like his fellow Impressionist Degas who suffered the same fate and responded to it in the same way Just keep painting Needless to say many artists have been influenced by Monet work Probably 20th century color field painting owes him a large debt as well as painterly abstractionists such as Jules Olitski Mark Rothko Joan Mitchell and many others His mastery of color is unmatched like Cezanne his every touch is absolute without question As all painters know his perfection may look facile but actually is nigh impossible to duplicate As a young man looking at nature and trying to come up with a visual equivalent he supposedly asked hat do you do with all those leaves other than paint each one one by one He figured it out without painting each one by just suggesting not spelling out Yet his images have the conviction of nature The Impressionists are so called not just because they worked loosely with small spontaneous dabs Their important contribution was their use of color by using the color theories developed in the 19th century they optically mixed color with red next to yellow rather than orange and many more subtle unnamable colors in this fashion Their use of color complementaries and harmonies changed the entire course of painting going from the value based traditional painting to the color based modern vision Where black had been the common denominator violet red green yellow and blue now described a modern world in constant motion with casual and spontaneous force Links to Monet images In this way the Impressionists revolutionized painting they were the first modern artists who changed the way we see the world And Monet was the unquestionable leader of this group ambitious hard working bold focused he was a damn good painter To my mind Impressionism is a good starting point both historically and artistically For a young artist nothing is more liberating than to see color and form abstractly not as eaf ree ouse but as Monet advised an American painter an oblong of pink a square of blue a streak of yellow It is the first step in learning to see form and color visually abstractly rather than in the conventional non visual way From this freeing beginning young artists can develop their own vision in new and unexpected ways It is the beginning of an improvisational approach to painting Monet painted his Giverny water landscapes for 27 years they reflected peace and contemplation When he died in 1926 the foremost French painter these landscapes were installed in two oval rooms in the Orangerie of the Tuileries Gardens Like his mature work they were of a kind of metaphysical naturalism Monet remarks to his friend Georges Clemenceau described this as not reducing the world to your measure but to enlarge your knowledge of the world You will then enlarge yourself and your self knowledge Like other creators of perfection Cezanne Beethoven there is a tacit acknowledgement of a reality existing beyond appearances Paul Cézanne to Emile Bernard 15 april 1904 ay I repeat what I told you here treat nature by means of the cylinder the sphere the cone everything brought into proper perspective so that each side of an object or a plane is directed towards a central point Lines parallel to the horizon give breadth lines perpendicular to this horizon give depth But nature for us men is more depth than surface whence the need to introduce into our light vibrations represented by the reds and yellows a sufficient amount of blueness to give the feel of air

Image Dimensions: 400 x 483